Cryogenics is a term that is used to refer to the process of producing of materials at extremely low temperatures. It may also refer to any process or material that relates to low temperatures. On the other hand, the term cryogenic liquid refers to a liquefied gas that is stored in a liquid state.Cryogenic gases usually have extremely low boiling point.
The boiling point of these gasses is usually lower than -150 degrees Celsius. That means that they usually exist as gasses at room temperature and pressure. Temperature and pressure conditions under which different cryogens become liquids vary a lot. Regardless of the differences, all cryogens have two properties in common. The first property is that they are all extremely cold. The second property is that small quantities of the liquid usually expand to form large amount of gas.
Many cryogenic liquids and the resultant gasses usually fall under three main categories or classes. Flammable gasses, inert gasses, and oxygen are these three categories. Inert gasses never support combustion besides undergoing minimum chemical reaction. Moreover, they do not undergo combustion. Neon, krypton, helium, nitrogen, and argon are great examples of materials that fall under inert gases category.
Gasses that can undergo combustion in air and are created from cryogenic liquids are called flammable gasses. Hydrogen, methane, and liquefied natural gasses are examples of flammable gasses. Finally, substances taken as non-combustible can burn in presence of liquid oxygen. With liquefied oxygen, explosive reaction can occur to other materials like organic materials.
Cryogenics are applied in several applications. Some of these uses lie in the medical and industrial industries. As temperature decreases, the electrical resistance of most metals decreases. That means that cryogens play a big role in reducing the electrical resistance of metals. Another major application of cryogens lies in the freezing and food preservation industries. There are foods that need to be preserved fast to prevent them from going bad.
In the field of medicine, cryogens are is put into application through the process of cryosurgery. Here, a specific body part is subjected to extremely low temperatures intended to kill any undesirable or malfunctioning tissues in the body. In a case where the body cells and tissues are cancerous, the process can be used as a cancer treatment option. The rate at which this method is gaining popularity and being put into application has risen tremendously.
Another major use of cryogens is in blood banking. Low temperatures are necessary in the storage of certain rare blood groups. The temperatures may have to be as low as -165 degrees Celsius. Liquid nitrogen has been used in certain cryogenics technology incorporated in night club effect systems. These systems produce a chilling effect and white fog, which is then illuminated using colored lights.
Cryogenic cooling is also used during the machining process where it is used to cool the tips of machines. The cooling is important because it helps to prolong the life of tools used. Rockets also use cryogens as propellants. The cryogens used include liquid methane, liquid hydrogen, and liquid oxygen.
The boiling point of these gasses is usually lower than -150 degrees Celsius. That means that they usually exist as gasses at room temperature and pressure. Temperature and pressure conditions under which different cryogens become liquids vary a lot. Regardless of the differences, all cryogens have two properties in common. The first property is that they are all extremely cold. The second property is that small quantities of the liquid usually expand to form large amount of gas.
Many cryogenic liquids and the resultant gasses usually fall under three main categories or classes. Flammable gasses, inert gasses, and oxygen are these three categories. Inert gasses never support combustion besides undergoing minimum chemical reaction. Moreover, they do not undergo combustion. Neon, krypton, helium, nitrogen, and argon are great examples of materials that fall under inert gases category.
Gasses that can undergo combustion in air and are created from cryogenic liquids are called flammable gasses. Hydrogen, methane, and liquefied natural gasses are examples of flammable gasses. Finally, substances taken as non-combustible can burn in presence of liquid oxygen. With liquefied oxygen, explosive reaction can occur to other materials like organic materials.
Cryogenics are applied in several applications. Some of these uses lie in the medical and industrial industries. As temperature decreases, the electrical resistance of most metals decreases. That means that cryogens play a big role in reducing the electrical resistance of metals. Another major application of cryogens lies in the freezing and food preservation industries. There are foods that need to be preserved fast to prevent them from going bad.
In the field of medicine, cryogens are is put into application through the process of cryosurgery. Here, a specific body part is subjected to extremely low temperatures intended to kill any undesirable or malfunctioning tissues in the body. In a case where the body cells and tissues are cancerous, the process can be used as a cancer treatment option. The rate at which this method is gaining popularity and being put into application has risen tremendously.
Another major use of cryogens is in blood banking. Low temperatures are necessary in the storage of certain rare blood groups. The temperatures may have to be as low as -165 degrees Celsius. Liquid nitrogen has been used in certain cryogenics technology incorporated in night club effect systems. These systems produce a chilling effect and white fog, which is then illuminated using colored lights.
Cryogenic cooling is also used during the machining process where it is used to cool the tips of machines. The cooling is important because it helps to prolong the life of tools used. Rockets also use cryogens as propellants. The cryogens used include liquid methane, liquid hydrogen, and liquid oxygen.
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